There are two possible ways to challenge a negative decision made by an Immigration officer.  The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act sets out specific appeal rights for sponsors and permanent residents of Canada.  These persons ...[more]

Decisions on overseas sponsorships and decisions taking away permanent resident status can be appealed to the Immigration Appeal Division of the Immigration and Refugee Board (IAD).  Sponsorships refused on grounds of inadmissibility, eligibility or bona ...[more]

The RPD is the board that hears and decides on refugee protection claims. The RPD applies two sets of criteria in assessing claims. The first is the definition from the UN Convention Relating to the ...[more]

A Pre-removal risk assessment application is another type of application based on risk on return to country of origin.  It is usually commenced by CBSA and only when the person is “removal ready” (that is ...[more]

A non citizen may be detained for a number of reasons under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act .  These reasons include where an immigration officer has reason to believe that the person is inadmissible ...[more]

There are a number of applications made under the Immigration and Refugee Act which can lead to a grant of permanent residency. Several of these applications will be reviewed below.

i.    Family Class Sponsorship

Permanent residents and ...[more]

If an Application for Leave and Judicial Review is commenced, it is possible to ask the Court to stop removal in cases where there is no automatic stay.  This is called a motion for a ...[more]

Individuals may be allowed into Canada on temporary status, for limited periods of time.  Visitors, workers and students, are the most common temporary residents. At the completion of their original reason for coming to Canada, ...[more]

Generally speaking,  permanent residents of Canada qualify  for Canadian citizenship if they have resided in Canada in 3 of the 4 years preceding their citizenship application. Residency is defined as either being the actual number ...[more]